Ontario has introduced new legislation aimed at improving protections for animals used in medical research, though the practice will not be banned outright. The proposal follows public concern over a London hospital’s use of dogs in research studies.

Bill 75 seeks to limit “invasive medical research” on cats and dogs, but the term “invasive” will be defined later through regulations. Exemptions apply for veterinary purposes and research conducted at registered facilities, provided projects receive approval from an animal care committee.

Drew Woodley of the Ontario SPCA welcomed the changes but emphasized the need for stronger measures, including mandatory consideration of alternatives before using animals. The legislation also prohibits breeding or selling animals for research, though Woodley advocates for an additional ban on using shelter animals.

Premier Doug Ford pledged action after revelations last fall that dogs were involved in heart studies. However, Angela Fernandez of the University of Toronto cautioned that the bill relies heavily on self-regulation by research institutions, which could limit its effectiveness.

Public consultations will also explore banning unnecessary veterinary procedures such as ear cropping and declawing, practices the Ontario SPCA argues should be eliminated.